The climate and biodiversity crises are closely interconnected, yet national policies often address them separately, leading to fragmented approaches. This policy analysis highlights the need for stronger integration and defines synergies as the intentional coordination of planning and implementation across Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), and National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs) to achieve more effective outcomes and co-benefits.

Focusing on Mongolia, the study examines how these three frameworks align, identifying overlaps, gaps, and opportunities for enhanced coordination. It is guided by the “Effectively delivering on Climate and Nature: NDCs, NAPs and NBSAPs Synergies” checklist and combines policy document analysis with expert interviews. Key areas of analysis include governance structures, strategic goals, policy measures, financing, and monitoring systems.

The analysis identifies challenges such as institutional silos and limited coordination, while highlighting actionable entry points to enhance alignment and strengthen coordination across Mongolia’s climate and biodiversity frameworks.